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From http://sci.tech-archive.net/Archive/sci.med.diseases.lyme/2008-06/msg00078.html
Infectious Disease Society of America Aware Chronic Lyme Exists Yet Deny it Exists To Their Peers
The IDSA is aware that chronic Lyme exists. We know this because
members of the 2000 and 2006 Lyme disease guideline panels wrote, in
research articles and patents, that chronic Lyme exists.
Evidence about the existence of chronic Lyme borreliosis has increased
since the 2006 LD guidelines were published.
Scientists in California recently reported that not only can Bb persist
in mice despite treatment with ceftriaxone, but the Borrelia can also
infect other ticks and mice. (1) This study buttresses previous
studies that showed that Borrelia can persist in mice (2, 3), dogs (4,
5, 6), and ponies (7).
Studies have also shown that Bb can persist despite antibiotic
treatment in the following human cells, tissues, organs, and body
fluids:
* Fibroblasts (8; Mark Klempner, an IDSA LD guideline panel member in
2006, is an author of this study)
* Iris (9)
* Synovium and synovial fluid (10, 11, 12, 13)
* Ligaments (14)
* Spleen (15)
* Bladder/urine (16)
* Skin (17, 18, 19, 20)
* Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (21)
Allen Steere has also published studies that describe patients with
persistent Bb infection following antibiotic treatment. In a JAMA
article, he described a 67-year-old woman who had serologic tests that
?proved that she had an infection of recent onset with Borrelia
burgdorferi, the agent that causes Lyme disease. During a two-month
course of illness, her condition remained refractory to treatment with
antibiotics, salicylates, and steroids. Ultimately, fatal adult
respiratory distress syndrome developed; this was believed to be
secondary to Lyme disease. (22)
In another study, Steere found that 10 out of 38 patients, or 26.3%,
relapsed within 1 year after antibiotic treatments for Lyme disease.
Patient 12 died and had spirochetes in her brain at autopsy. (23, 24)
Other abstracts and studies also describe the persistence of Borrelia
burgdorferi in patients treated with antibiotics (25, 26, 27, 28, for
example).
Steere and Klempner aren't the only IDSA guideline authors who know
that Bb can persist despite antibiotic treatment. Raymond Dattwyler,
in patents awarded both before and after the IDSA's LD guidelines were
published in 2006, wrote that Lyme disease can exist in a chronic form
following antibiotic treatment.
In February 2007, Dr. Dattwyler was awarded a patent by the U.S.
government in which he wrote the following:
Currently, Lyme Disease is treated with a range of antibiotics, e.g.,
tetracyclines, penicillin and cephalosporins. However, such treatment
is not always successful in clearing the infection. Treatment is often
delayed due to improper diagnosis with the deleterious effect that the
infection proceeds to a chronic condition, where treatment with
antibiotics is often not useful. One of the factors contributing to
delayed treatment is the lack of effective diagnostic tools. (29)
Dattwyler's statements contradict the IDSA's positions that chronic
Lyme does not exist following antibiotic treatment, and that current
tests are effective in diagnosing Lyme disease.
Dattwyler has also published research that contradicts the IDSA's
position that denies the existence of seronegative, chronic Lyme
disease. (30) Studies by other medical researchers buttress his
findings. (31, 32)
Still other research studies cast doubt on the IDSA guideline authors'
contention--repeated in last fall's NEJM article--that Bb does not
develop resistance to antibiotics. One study, published last year,
found that not only could Bb develop resistance to some types of
antibiotics, but it also could transfer the resistance genes to other
species of bacteria, including Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus
faecalis. (33)
Another study found that Bb has an outer membrane protein, BesC, that
is part of an efflux apparatus and is involved in antibiotic
resistance. (34)
Yet another study, by Yale researchers, asserted that calprotectin may
modify the clearance of spirochetes at sites of inflammation. In
particular, calprotectin prevents the eradication of Bb by therapeutic
doses of penicillin G. (35)
A different study has described a mechanism by which Borrelia can evade
beta-lactam antibiotics through pleomorphism into spheroplasts without
cell walls. (36)
Other studies have shown that not only can Bb change into spheroplast L-
forms (37, 38, 39, 40), including after exposure to penicillin (41, 42,
43), but the Borrelia can also revert back into motile forms. (44, 45,
46)
Stephen Malawista, a former colleague of Allen Steere at Yale, has also
recently published a study showing that Bb can move upward of two
orders of magnitude above the speed of a human neutrophil, the fastest
cell in the body. This alacrity and its interpretation, in an organism
with bidirectional motor capacity, may well contribute to difficulties
in spirochete clearance by the host. (47)
Researchers from New York Medical College have also found that the
extracellular matrix can provide a protective niche for Bb that allows
the bacteria to evade robust host immune responses. (48)
ILADS has an online slide presentation that shows how the IDSA
guideline authors' statements are contradicted by their own research
studies. (49)
A CytoViva video of Borrelia also shows that the IDSA guideline
authors' denial of the intracellularity of Borrelia is a pile of bull
squeeze. (50)
Bottom line: there is considerable and growing evidence that Lyme
borreliosis can become chronic, despite antibiotic treatment. Even the
IDSA's Lyme disease "experts" know so.
-----------------------------------------------------
1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18316520
2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17436229
3 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8913478
4 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8968890
5 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10834975
6 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10720533
7 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15863289
8 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1634816
9 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8106639
10 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9613343
11 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8242938
12 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10467661
13 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8892586
14 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8240439
15 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2910019
16 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8923044
17 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793100
18 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16530006
19 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11251580
20 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8436647
21 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10442678
22 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3357244
23 http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/121/8/560
24 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8085687
25 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2613324
26 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11233667
27 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8852456
28 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7625800
29 http://tinyurl.com/2uefov
30 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3054554
31 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8004045
32 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2613324
33 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17905571
34 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18389081
35 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16552081
36 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8811359
37 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12194230
38 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11081332
39 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15859564
40 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14560706
41 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7103461
42 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7698837
43 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7625800
44 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9646104
45 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11478686
46 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12422604
47 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18286190
48 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17600717
49 http://www.ilads.org/Presentation_ChronicLyme.html
50 http://www.cytoviva.com/gallery_flash.htm
.
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